What is the process of becoming secure against a disease or pathogen called?

The process of becoming secure against a disease or pathogen is referred to as immunization. This encompasses a broader concept where an individual's immune system is prepared to recognize and fight off specific pathogens. Immunization can occur through natural infection or through medical interventions such as vaccinations and inoculations, which specifically introduce antigens into the body to stimulate an immune response.

While vaccination is a specific method of immunization that involves the administration of a vaccine to produce immunity, inoculation can also refer to the introduction of a pathogen or its components into the body. Quarantine, on the other hand, is a public health practice aimed at preventing the spread of disease by isolating those who may have been exposed but does not directly result in immunization against the disease. Hence, immunization is the correct term that encompasses this protective process against diseases.